{"id":9185,"date":"2026-08-11T05:36:38","date_gmt":"2026-08-11T05:36:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/?post_type=docs&p=2561"},"modified":"2026-08-21T11:50:17","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T11:50:17","password":"","slug":"excipients-used-in-magistral-formulas-and-their-functions-2","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/dokumanlar\/cream-ointment-lotion-shampoo-bases\/excipients-used-in-magistral-formulas-and-their-functions-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Excipients Used in Magistral Formulas and Their Functions – 2"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/h2>\n
<\/div>\n
\n

Dear Colleagues; As a continuation of last week’s article, this week’s piece contains very useful information regarding the purposes of excipients contained in the magistral (compounded) preparations we formulate in our pharmacies and their contributions to the formulas they are included in.<\/p>\n

The following list has been compiled from various reference sources. This list can be expanded. It should not be considered as a basic template.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Emulsifying agent<\/td>\nEnsures the dispersion\/mixing of one of two normally immiscible liquids within another through the addition of emulsifying agents (emulsifiers).<\/td>\nAcacia
\nGum arabic
\nBehenoyl Polyoxylglycerides
\nBenzalkonium chloride
\nBenzyl benzoate
\nCaprylic acid
\nCaprylocaproyl Polyoxylglycerides
\nCarbomer Copolymer
\nCarbomer Homopolymer
\nCetomacrogol
\nCetyl alcohol
\nGlyceryl monostearate
\nSorbitan monooleate
\nPolyoxyethylene 50 stearate (myrj23)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Encapsulating agent \/ Capsule-forming agent<\/td>\nCapsule-forming agent<\/td>\nGelatin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Enteric coating<\/td>\nA polymeric barrier that prevents the drug from disintegrating in the stomach and ensures it disintegrates in the small intestine.<\/td>\nCellulose acetate phthalate
\nShellac (35% alcohol, pharmaceutical glaze)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Film coating<\/td>\nPolymer coating applied to tablets to protect the dosage form.<\/td>\nHydroxyethyl cellulose
\nHydroxypropyl cellulose
\nHydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (Hypromellose)
\nMethylcellulose (e.g., Methocel)
\nEthylcellulose (e.g., Ethocel)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Flavor<\/td>\nSubstances used to impart a pleasant taste and usually an aroma to the drug. Synthetic sweeteners may also be used in addition.<\/td>\nAnise oil
\nCinnamon oil
\nCocoa
\nMenthol
\nOrange oil
\nPeppermint oil
\nVanilla<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Flavoring \/ sweetening agent<\/td>\nImparts a pleasant flavor and sweetness to the prepared medicine.<\/td>\nAcacia syrup
\nCherry syrup
\nCocoa syrup
\nBitter orange syrup<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Foam adjuvant<\/td>\nIncreases the stability of the formula and reduces the specific gravity of the foam. These surfactants can increase foam capacity.<\/td>\nArachidic acid
\nArachidyl alcohol
\nBehenic acid
\nBehenyl alcohol
\nCetyl alcohol
\nHexadecanoic acid
\nOctacosanoic acid
\nOleyl alcohol
\nStearic acid
\nStearyl alcohol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Foaming agent<\/td>\nAmphiphilic substance that facilitates foam formation.<\/td>\nBrij 38
\nBrij 52
\nBrij 56
\nIsoceteth-20
\nLaureth-4
\nLecithin
\nMyrj 45
\nMyrj 49
\nMyrj 59
\nPolyglyceryl-4 isostearate
\nPolyoxyethylene (20) Sorbitan monostearate (Tween 60),
\nPolyoxyethylene (20) Sorbitan Monooleate (Tween 80)
\nSodium lauryl sulfate
\nSorbitan laurate
\nSorbitan monolaurate
\nSorbitan palmitate
\nTriethanolamine lauryl sulfate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gelling agent<\/td>\nIncreases the viscosity of the formula; can act as a stabilizer.<\/td>\nAcrylic acid \/ ethyl acrylate copolymers
\nCarboxymethyl cellulose
\nCarboxyvinyl polymers
\nCarrageenan gum
\nEgg albumin
\nGelatin agar
\nGuar gum
\nHydroxyethyl cellulose
\nHydroxypropyl guar gum
\nHydroxypropyl methylcellulose
\nPolymethacrylic acid polymers
\nPolyvinyl alcohol
\nPolyvinylpyrrolidone
\nLocust bean gum
\nQuince seed extract
\nSodium alginate
\nSodium caseinate
\nStarch
\nTragacanth gum
\nXanthan gum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Humectant<\/td>\nPrevents formulas from drying out, especially in ointments and creams.<\/td>\nGlycerin
\nPropylene glycol
\nSorbitol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hydrophilic solvent<\/td>\nSolvent exhibiting high miscibility with water<\/td>\nCaprylic acid
\nDiethylene glycol
\nDimethylacetamide
\nDimethylformamide
\nDimethyl sulfoxide
\nDioxolane
\nDi-terpenes
\nEthylene glycol
\nGlycerin
\nHexylene glycol
\nLauric acid
\nLauryl alcohol
\nLimonene
\nL-menthol
\nMyristyl alcohol
\nPolyethylene glycols
\nPropylene glycol
\nTerpineol
\nTerpenes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hydrophobic solvent<\/td>\nSolvent exhibiting low miscibility with water<\/td>\nBorage seed oil
\nCanola oil
\nCoconut oil
\nCod liver oil
\nCorn oil
\nCottonseed oil
\nDocosahexaenoic acid
\nEicosapentaenoic acid
\nEvening primrose oil
\nFlaxseed oil
\nGamma-linolenic acid
\nLinoleic acid
\nLinolenic acid
\nMineral oil
\nOlive oil
\nOmega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids
\nSalmon oil
\nSesame oil
\nCertain essential oils
\nSoybean oil
\nSunflower oil
\nTriglyceride oil
\nWheat germ oil<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Levigating agent<\/td>\nUsually used in a mortar to assist with particle size reduction \/ comminution<\/td>\nMineral oil
\nGlycerin
\nPropylene glycol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ointment base<\/td>\nSemi-solid vehicles in ointments.<\/td>\nLanolin
\nHydrophilic ointment
\nPolyethylene glycol ointment
\nPetrolatum
\nHydrophilic petrolatum
\nWhite ointment
\nYellow ointment
\nRose water ointment (Cold cream)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pH modifier (acidifying agent \/ alkalizing agent \/ buffering agent)<\/td>\nDecreases pH or increases pH or protects compounds against rapid pH changes.<\/td>\nAcetic acid
\nAcetic acid, glacial
\nAdipic acid
\nAmmonia solution, strong
\nAmmonium carbonate
\nAmmonium chloride
\nAmmonium phosphate
\nBoric acid
\nCalcium carbonate
\nCalcium hydroxide
\nCalcium lactate
\nCalcium phosphate, tribasic
\nCitric acid, monohydrate
\nCitric acid, anhydrous
\nDiethanolamine
\nFumaric acid  glycine
\nHydrochloric acid
\nDiluted hydrochloric acid,
\nAlpha-lactalbumin
\nLactic acid
\nLysine hydrochloride
\nMaleic acid
\nMethionine
\nMonoethanolamine
\nMonosodium glutamate
\nNitric acid
\nPhosphoric acid
\nDiluted phosphoric acid,
\nPotassium bicarbonate
\nPotassium citrate
\nPotassium hydroxide
\nPotassium metaphosphate
\nPotassium phosphate, dibasic
\nPotassium phosphate, monobasic
\nPropionic acid
\nRacemethionine
\nSodium acetate
\nSodium bicarbonate
\nSodium borate
\nSodium carbonate
\nSodium citrate
\nSodium hydroxide
\nSodium lactate solution
\nSodium phosphate, dibasic Sodium phosphate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Wishing you a good week…<\/p>\n

Exp. Pharm. Ahmet Nezihi Pekcan
\nPekcan Pharmacy – Konya
\npekcanecz@gmail.com
\nTel: (332) 3520657
\nhttp:\/\/www.majistralformul.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dear Colleagues; As a continuation of last week’s article, this week’s piece contains very useful information regarding the purposes of excipients contained in the magistral (compounded) preparations we formulate in […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2562,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"doc_category":[151],"doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-9185","docs","type-docs","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","doc_category-cream-ointment-lotion-shampoo-bases"],"acf":[],"year_month":"2026-08","word_count":676,"total_views":"2","reactions":{"happy":"0","normal":"0","sad":"0"},"author_info":{"name":"m921a","author_nicename":"m921a","author_url":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/author\/m921a\/"},"doc_category_info":[{"term_name":"Cream - Ointment - Lotion - Shampoo Bases","term_url":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/dokuman-kategori\/cream-ointment-lotion-shampoo-bases\/"}],"doc_tag_info":[],"knowledge_base_info":[],"knowledge_base_slug":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/9185","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9185"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/9185\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9187,"href":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/9185\/revisions\/9187"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2562"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9185"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_category?post=9185"},{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/majistraleczacilari.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=9185"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}